source:Industry News release time:2022-07-16 Article author:yu Popular:pcb
There will be various signal transmissions in the conductors of the circuit board. When the transmission rate increases, the frequency must increase. If the lines themselves vary due to etching, stack thickness, wire width and other factors, the impedance will be worth changing and the signal will be distorted. Therefore, the impedance value of the conductors on the high-speed circuit board should be controlled within a certain range, which is called "impedance control". The main factors that affect the impedance of the circuit board are the width of the copper wire, the thickness of the copper wire, the dielectric constant of the medium, the thickness of the medium, the thickness of the pad, the path and winding of the ground wire. Therefore, when designing a PCB circuit board, it is necessary to control the impedance of the circuit on the circuit board, so as to avoid electromagnetic interference and signal integrity problems such as signal reflection as much as possible, and to ensure the stability of the actual use of the PCB board.
First, the characteristics of the circuit board impedance board:
According to the theory of signal transmission, the signal is a function of time and distance variables, so the signal may change at every part of the connection. Therefore, the AC impedance of the transmission line, that is, the ratio of the voltage change to the current change, is determined as the characteristic impedance of the transmission line: the characteristic impedance of the transmission line is only related to the characteristics of the signal connection itself. In a real circuit, the resistance value of the conductor itself is less than the distributed impedance of the system, especially in high frequency circuit boards. The characteristic impedance mainly depends on the distributed impedance caused by the unit distributed capacitance and unit distributed inductance of the connection.
Second, the impedance control of the circuit board:
The characteristic impedance of conductors on a circuit board is an important indicator of circuit design. Especially in the PCB circuit board design of high-frequency circuit boards, it must be considered whether the characteristic impedance of the conductor is consistent with the characteristic impedance of the device or signal, and whether it is matched. Therefore, in the reliability design of PCB circuit board design, two concepts must be paid attention to.
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